How Old is Earth?

How old is  Earth?

Scientists estimate the Earth's age at approximately 4.54 billion years old, primarily through radiometric dating of meteorites and lunar samples, which provides insights into the age of the solar system and Earth's formation. 

What is Radiometric Dating:

This method relies on the decay of radioactive isotopes (like uranium and lead) to determine the age of rocks and minerals from earth, Meteorites and moon Samples.

What is Isotopic Analysis:

Scientists measure the ratio of parent to daughter isotopes in a sample to calculate the time elapsed since the material's formation. 

Uranium–lead radioactive dating, abbreviated U–Pb dating, is one of the oldest and most refined of the radiometric dating schemes. It can be used to date rocks that formed and crystallised from about 1 million years to over 4.5 billion years ago with routine precisions in the 0.1–1 percent range.

Four billion year old rock reveals life on earth.

The method is usually applied to zircon. The oldest minerals on Earth, small crystals of zircon from the Jack Hills of Western Australia, are at least 4.4 billion years old. This mineral incorporates uranium and thorium atoms into its crystal structure, but strongly rejects lead when forming. As a result, newly-formed zircon crystals will contain no lead, meaning that any lead found in the mineral is radiogenic. Since the exact rate at which uranium decays into lead is known, the current ratio of lead to uranium in a sample of the mineral can be used to reliably determine its age.


Other Methods:

While radiometric dating is the primary method, scientists also use relative dating techniques (comparing rock layers) and studying the fossil record to understand the Earth's history.



Compiled by

Ms Naresh kuwar


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